The Oral Skills Of Little Children Essay - 970 Words

Reading stories and storytelling have been hypothesized to affect the oral skills of little children. It was claimed that children who were told stories would use more formal language than the those who do not. We are three first and second grade teachers, we were wondering how we could use this idea in our classrooms to measure how storytelling and story reading influence the language development. We wanted to see if adding oral storytelling or reading would help our students in their oral language. This study was conducted on 30 first and second grade children aged between 7 and 8 living in Riyadh Saudi Arabia, 15 were subjected to story-telling and 15 assigned for story reading. Data was collected by observational retelling stories sessions and role-playing games and the reincarnation of the roles in the story. The findings suggested a huge correlation between telling and listening to stories and the oral language proficiency. Introduction â€Å"Once upon a time, in a land faraway† ...thus begins the story; then the magic happens! Stories have been in existence since time immemorial. It would be unfair to undermine their importance to children and the society at large. There are many theories surrounding the impact of story-telling and reading to the listening and oral competencies as well as reading and writing skills for young children. Stories are told both at home or in pre-schools by teachers as young children listen to a storyteller, they’re hearingShow MoreRelatedOral Language and Child Development1498 Words   |  6 Pagesfoundational aspect of all children’s learning is oral language. Communication orally entails the ability to include four components of spoken language to incorporate, and build on, a child’s vocabulary and grammar. These four elements consist of the phonological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic components. Development of a child’s language ski lls should form together resulting in literacy success later in life. In order to master the teaching of oral language, three strategies are used. These includeRead MoreHow Dental Caries Is A Disease Associated With Social Deprivation1488 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract 3 Introduction 4 Method 4 Results 5 Discussion 6 Knowledge/Skills Required 6 Planning/Venue/Length of Event 6 Other Disciplines/Experts Used 7 Size/Age of Group 7 Resources 7 Aim/Objectives 8 Rationale 9 Conclusion 9 Recommendations 10 Bibliography 11 Appendix 1 12 Appendix 2 12 Appendix 3 13 Appendix 4 14 Appendix 5 14 Appendix 6 15 Appendix 7 16 Appendix 8 17 Appendix 9 18 Appendix 10 18 Abstract Improvements in children’s oral health in Scotland, is evident. However, it is clear inequalitiesRead MoreHow Autism Spectrum Disorder Affects Students Reading Comprehension1261 Words   |  6 Pagesevery 110 children today (NICHCY, 2010). This statistic reveals a considerably large ratio of children and adults who have Autism. In society, everyone is diverse and unique in his or her own way. These differences are apparent in appearance, interest, and abilities. Differences are what shapes individuals into who they are, and who they want to become. Individuals learn differently, and the same is true for children with Autism. Autism is a neurological disorder that affects children up to threeRead MoreThe National Institute Of Mental Health1690 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to a study in the journal of Pediatric Dentistry, parents of children with autism define their children’s oral health as fair or poor. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder have difficulties adju sting with the dental scenery, due mainly to their inability to communicate and socialize their thoughts and feelings. Dental office visits can be challenging to the child with autism and therefor the parent as well. It is our job as a dental professional to help make these office visits asRead MoreCommunication: A Fundamental Part of the Early Childhood Teachers Role1725 Words   |  7 Pagesclassroom, but within individual lessons. Behaviour management is an essential skill that will be utilised regularly and will require a teacher to develop strategies for dealing with a variety of behaviours. Teachers are role models to their students, and this includes role modelling verbal and written communication methods. The teacher’s verbal and written communication skills must be of a high standard. Listening skills are essential in effective communication. Clear, concise communication is fundamentalRead MoreWhat Is Guided Reading?1690 Words   |  7 Pagescomes to improving a child’s reading skills. Which is why it is important that children begin guided reading as early as possible. Beginning guided reading during primary school can be beneficial to young students who are still learning to read. By having the children read aloud the teacher is able to identify where their strengths and weaknesses lie within their reading. Then the teacher may be able to group children together based upon those findings. Children who are struggling in the same areasRead MoreTeaching Effective Reading Instruction And Key Reading Skills1692 Words   |  7 Pagesbenefits provided to students who are systemically and explicitly taught effective reading instruction and key reading skills, though children may not always have opportunities in order to benefit to the full extent. The main approach to teaching effective reading instruction can be broken down into two definitions; â€Å"Systematic instruction reflects several important characteristics. Skills and concept s are taught in a planned, logically progressive sequence† (A Closer Look at the Five Essential ComponentsRead MoreThe Process Of Learning For Read Can Be Difficult For Young Children1096 Words   |  5 Pagesread can be difficult for young children. Teachers require knowledge and understanding of the reading process as well as skills to teach children skills and strategies to become a successful reader. Using a balanced approach to teaching children reading skills and strategies, teachers start with explicit instruction before gradually giving students responsibility and independence in using these strategies for reading. Teachers must understand the importance of oral language, vocabulary, concepts ofRead MoreNursery Rhyme Analysis Paper : Nursery1154 Words   |  5 Pageshas become a popular controversy in the field of child and adolescent development. A common form of literature for young children is nursery rhymes. Several of us grew up going to bed being read nursery r hymes such as â€Å"Diddle Diddle Dumpling† and â€Å"Jack Be Nimble†. At the fundamental level, nursery rhymes help promote positive attitudes toward language learning and help children build an alertness of the sound patterns of language. Furthermore, this can also lead to helping them learn to pronounceRead MoreThe Characteristics of Language Acquisition and Development1422 Words   |  6 PagesLawrence Cooper The Characteristics of Language Acquisition and Development ECE315: Language Development in Young Children Instructor: Kara Bullock 1-24-11 Language ability starts even before birth and happens in every area of the child’s life. A child absorbs the language that is spoken in their environment with characteristics such as the tonal quality, the syntax, and the usages of that language. A child can learn languages which are spoken by their parents. The child absorbs

Evaluating Historical Theories Of Counseling - 906 Words

Evaluating Historical Theories There are a number of historical theories in counseling which have been used to assist clients during the counseling process. This week’s readings provided quite a few concepts from counseling theories which were valuable and interesting to me. Many coincided with my views on the reasons for people’s behavior and human nature. These concepts are also meaningful to me for various reasons. Each of these psychological concepts might be useful when having a counseling relationship with a client in a variety of ways. Transference Transference is defined as the unconscious process where emotions that are associated with one person, such as a parent, unconsciously shift to another person, especially to the counselor (Transference, 2012). These feelings can be hostile, affectionate or ambivalent (Transference, 2012). This concept is interesting and meaningful to me because now that I think about it, many people take issues or things that occurred previously out on counselors or others who are presently trying to help them. According to the text the release of these feelings is therapeutic due to providing an emotional release, however the real benefit lies in client’s increased self-knowledge (Gladding, 2005). I think people develop problems regarding coping with life due to transference. For example, a client might take his abandonment issues with his mother out on the counselor, due to not yet receiving the proper help needed to get over the issue.Show MoreRelatedThe Relationship Between Regenerate And Unregenerate Thought Processes Essay1089 Words   |  5 Pages23:7; and FAMILY COUNSELING APPROACH11 Romans 12:1-2. Notably, Paul discusses the relationship between regenerate and unregenerate thought processes in Roman 12:1-3 and Ephesians 1-4. In these three passages, Paul is beseeching humanity to change some of the internal thoughts, which in turn will change the behavior of people and positively impact on their feelings. One of the primary premise that the proponents of REBT rely on is the belief that people are fundamentally born imperfect; one of theRead MoreHistorical Development Nursing Timeline1331 Words   |  6 PagesHistorical Development of Nursing Timeline Christopher Vinson NUR/513 January 1, 2015 Historical Development of Nursing The historical development of nursing today is based upon the lives of many, their contributions, sacrifices and experiences. These things brought about renovations in patient care. Different ways of thinking led to research, theories and evidenced based practice. The importance of studying nursing history has led to overall progression of nursing as a profession. InRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )1480 Words   |  6 Pagesapproach was used for this case conceptualization that consists of a pre-initial evaluation of client M and six weeks of individual therapy sessions using CBT therapy and the Beck Depression Inventory has the domain of counseling theory. Within the behaviorist strand of counseling theory, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) has been successfully used to treat mild depression. In this case study, the client has mild depression; which is one of the most multi-problem mental health categories in the mildRead MoreThe Therapeutic Goals Of Reality Therapy 1550 Words   |  7 Pagespractitioner. Self evaluation is a core to reality therapy and decide what they can do to change their actions. When going through the process of answering the questions presented to help with evaluating their behavior, they must answer honestly. The client needs to decide on and commit to a simple plan that they can carry out on his or her own(Wubbolding, 2013). The therapeutic goals of reality therapy are for the client to see how he or she can fulfill his basic needs to survive. The therapistRead MoreSchizophreni An Acute And Critical Mental Illness Essay935 Words   |  4 Pagesestablish a working relationship that cultivates the social, psychological, economic, and historical material distinct to the specific ethnic group being served. Thus, cultural norms may impact a patients behavior and effect different aspect of treatment (Sue, Sue, 2012) Equally important, the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) would be a strong evaluating psychometric test as it relates evaluating a client with schizophrenia primarily, due to the test measuring the severity of the symptomsRead MoreTraining And Development Of An Effective Program Essay1639 Words   |  7 Pagesget the accurate knowledge on my chosen topic. Objectives of the project ïÆ'Ëœ Most organizations have a performance appraisal (PA) program that has evolved over time and is likely not meeting the needs of employees and managers. ïÆ'Ëœ Many competing PA theories and practices exist making development of an effective program difficult. However, done well, a strong PA program reinforces organizational culture and helps employees achieve high levels of performance. ïÆ'Ëœ An effective PA program can improve keyRead MoreWhy Virginia Henderson Was One Of The Most Popular Nurses1596 Words   |  7 PagesVirginia Henderson was one of the most popular nurses in the XX century. Henderson’s theory postulates that the patient has needs that are the same for all people. Fundamental needs are formulated by W. Henderson in the spirit of the Maslow s pyramid. The source of the patient s problems is the inability to meet one or more of the fundamental needs (Henderson, 2000). The priority task of the sister is to help the patient in solving these problems. The focus of the sister s intervention is theRead MorePsychoanalytical Theory and Cognitive Behavior Theory1567 Words   |  7 Pagescontemporary studies to Psychoanalytical theory and Cognitive Behavior theory. Abstract Psychoanalytical theory and cognitive behavior theory (CBT) are currently two of the most utilized psychotherapeutic modalities in Western psychology. In the current review of literature, the salience of both theories is analyzed through the evaluation of contemporary studies on the two theories. These studies focused on empirical rather than merely theoretical research. Upon evaluating these sources, it becomes clearRead MoreThe Theory Of Social Work Essay1681 Words   |  7 PagesThis section of the paper will discuss the definition of social work, values associated with social work and arguments for and against the use of systems theory in social work practice. Social work can be described as a field of study that encompasses individuals and their environment. Social work can be defined as work trained professionals do to elevate stressors of individuals so they may become more self-sufficient and empowered to live to their fullest potential. According to the NationalRead MoreEssay on Offender Classification and Therapy1514 Words   |  7 PagesThe earliest types of classification focused mainly on offender risks by using custody classification and separating prisoners into minimum, medium, and maximum security (Van Voorhis et al., 2009). Early risks assessments appeared to only focus on historical factors that did not tend to change over time. A supplement of the classification was introduced with the original needs assessment system. The needs assessment was meant to offer information relevant to treatment (Van Voorhis et al., 2009). Unfortunately

Animal Experimentation Essay - 1792 Words

Animal Experimentation Introduction Animal experimentation has been a part of biomedical and behavioral research for several millennia; experiments with animals were conducted in Greece over 2,000 years ago. Many advances in medicine and in the understanding of how organisms function have been the direct result of animal experimentation. Concern over the welfare of laboratory animals is also not new, as reflected in the activities of various animal welfare and antivivisectionist groups dating back to the nineteenth century. This concern has led to laws and regulations governing the use of animals in research and to various guides and statements of principle designed to ensure humane treatment and use of laboratory animals. HISTORICAL†¦show more content†¦The first hormone was extracted in 1902. Ehrlich developed a chemical treatment for syphilis in 1909, and laboratory tissue culture began in 1910. By 1912, nutritional deficiencies were sufficiently well understood to allow scientists to coin the word quot;vitamin.quot; In 1920, Banting and Best isolated insulin, which led to therapy for diabetes mellitus. Mter 1920, the results of science-based biological research and their medical applications followed so rapidly and in such numbers that they cannot be catalogued here. Concerns over Animal Use The first widespread opposition to the use of animals in research was expressed in the nineteenth century. Even before this, however, concern had arisen about the treatment of farm animals. The first piece of legislation to forbid cruelty to animals was adopted by the General Court of Massachusetts in 1641 and stated that quot;No man shall exercise any tyranny or cruelty towards any brute creatures which are usually kept for mans usequot; (Stone, 1977). In England, Martins Act was enacted in 1822 to provide protection for farm animals. In 1824, the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) was founded to ensure that this act was observed. In 1865, Henry Bergh brought the SPCA idea to America (Thrner, 1980). He was motivated not by the use of animals in research but by the ill-treatment of horses that he observed in czarist Russia. In the second half of the nineteenth century, concerns forShow MoreRelatedAnimal Experimentation1612 Words   |  7 Pagesaccept animal experimentation but they also increased the use of genetically modified mice in carrying out such tests. On July 27th official statistics showed that, for the first time, the use of genetically-modified animals has outstripped that of conventional creatures and hardly anyone flinched knowing that† (Britain: Tweaking the Experiments; Animal Testing). Imagine the world without the essential vaccines that are used to promote healthy humans, but that is the world without animal experimentationsRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Essay812 Words   |  4 Pagespeople have been using animal experimentation to create new ways to help save the human race. There are people who believe that it does help, and that it is necessary to continue, while others oppose and want to fight for the elimination of animal experimentation. Scientists fight for the cures needed to help man kind, but struggle to do so as people fight against their work in progress. But as Jennifer A. Hurley stated, â€Å"History has already shown that animal experimentation is not essential to medicalRead MoreAnimal Experimentation And Animal Testing1261 Words   |  6 Pagesand against animal experimentation. The report begins with an introduction briefly outlining what animal experimentation refers to, introducing the three perspectives and highlighting the intention behind this investigation. The report then explores the positive and negative medical aspect of animal experimentation stating that it has resulted in vital vaccines benefitting both humans and animals, but also accepting it is not always reliable. The advantages and disadvantages of animal testing onRead MoreAnimal Rights: Animal Experimentation 837 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal experimentation is the use of non-human animals in experiments. Animal experimentation also known as animal testing had established way back into the second century A.D. A Roman physician, named Galen started to perform endless animal experiments. (Safer Medicines.) On the other hand, the first major animal experiments occurred in the nineteenth century. Luis Pasteur administered anthrax to sheep. Anthrax is a bacterial disease that affects the skin and lungs in sheep and cattle, so PasteurRead MoreAnimal Experimentation And Animal Experiments1619 Words   |  7 PagesYou can’t even decide when the lights go on and off. (Cruel ty to Animals in Laboratories.)† This is the horrifying reality that animals used in animal experiments have to face. Animal experimentation is the use of animals in scientific research. Animals help scientists learn more about diseases that occur in humans and animals. Scientists also use animals to test new treatments, medicines, surgical techniques, and more. Different animals can be used for these experiments and the experiments can sometimesRead MoreAnimals for Research and Experimentation678 Words   |  3 Pages100 million animals are used for research and experimentation on around the world every year. Apart from all the benefits of animal testing there are many good reasons which support banning the experimentations on animals such as: animal cruelty, selfishness, and danger of using the experiments result. Therefore animal experimentation should be banned. These days, animal testing has brought a lot of issues in the society. The first and foremost argument that is presented against animal testing dealsRead MoreDiscussion Of Animal Experimentation On Animals1878 Words   |  8 PagesWorld Studies/ Honors November 19, 2014 Discussion of Animal Experimentation Research Animal experimentation has been the basis of human knowledge for the advancement of medical and biological breakthroughs as early as 200 C.E.. It has been estimated that more than 100 million animals are killed in U.S. laboratories alone for scientists’ tests. Organizations and laws have been formed to prevent harmful experiments from taking the lives of animals, however, scientists argue that there would be a crushingRead MoreAnimal Experimentation : Animal Cruelty2406 Words   |  10 Pages Research Essay: Animal Experimentation An innocent baby animal is ripped from its mothers arms and dragged by its neck after being locked up in a cold, lonely cellar on its way to the experimentation room where scientists will stick a variety of needles filled with possibly deadly medicine into its delicate skin. In a laboratory a ways down the street is another baby animal being tranquilized with a numbing gun in order for the animals to be tested with no pain gently lifted from its cageRead MoreAnimal Cruelty And Animal Experimentation1610 Words   |  7 Pagestesting on animals. According to Professor Nuno Henrique Franco from the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology of the University of Porto in Rua do Campo Alegre, humans have based their medical research, and later chemical testing, on animal experimentation. The first experiments that were performed can be considered crude and a few were perhaps excessively damaging to their subjects, and a handful of later testing was for cosmetic purposes. Consequently, t he lives of countless animals have beenRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesAnimals suffer just as people do. In 2009 animal experimentation was the cause of over 1.13 million animals, excluding small rodents, suffering in U.S. Laboratories (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service). Animal experimentation is unethical, unnecessary and expensive; alternative methods of testing should be utilized. It is unethical to use the cruel methods of animal experimentation for our own benefit alone. The animals used in research range from birds

Short Story The Kidnapper - 1181 Words

No one else in the arcade noticed the kidnappers. The sound effects of the games the people played shot throughout the mind of one of the only people that had. The man could feel the pressure of the gun against his side, his eyes cringing from the pain, his body shaking from the tension of what pain his attacker had promised would come. But the man forced himself to appear steady. Maybe they’ll just let us go, he thought, we could just go back to playing the arcade games. Everyone could just be calm. Everyone could be okay, go back to playing the games. We may even be able to leave the arcade. I just have to be calm. We can all go back to playing the games. But by looking into the two of theirs’ eyes the man could tell that that wasn’t likely to happen. His best friend stood shielding the little girl that the man now stood at gunpoint trying to save. The child couldn’t even see him as shards of tears rolled over her eyes. Behind them were the two other assailants that had come with the attacker. Each of their bodies composed of more muscle than bone, and each of their pockets bulging with the impression of a gun. Right as the man sensed the kidnapper squeezing the trigger of his gun against his side, he heard the sound of a virtual machine gun slowly ripping through its target. Rather than rapid firing at everything in sight, as the man vaguely recalled it doing, the noise of the blast slowly ripped through one of its targets, as if enjoying the process ofShow MoreRelatedShort Story Irony913 Words   |  4 Pagesall these stories we are talking about. The Merriam-Webster definition of irony is â€Å"the use of words to express something other than, and especially the opposite, of the literal meaning.† These stories will keep you wondering what’s going to happen and when you least expect it, irony will come out of no where and surprise the reader. In the short stories, â€Å"The Veldt,† â€Å"Just Lather, That’s All,† and â€Å"The Ransom of Red Chief,† Irony is active throughout the whole story. In the short story â€Å"The VeldtRead MoreThe Ransom of Red Chief1721 Words   |  7 PagesLife had been well until O. Henry had been accused of the embezzlement of bank funds. O Henry denied the indictment but was still put in jail. In prison, he wrote and published hundreds of short stories in order to support his daughter. O. Henry was once asked why he wrote; he replied that every story conveys something about being a person. Having been wrongly accused may have led O. Henry to communicate his belief that criminals receive what they deserve in The Ransom of Red Chief. Read MoreAmusement in â€Å"The Ransom of Red Chief†.600 Words   |  3 Pages Amusement in â€Å"The Ransom of Red Chief†. Dictionary.com defines humor as a comic and absurd quality causing amusement. O.Henry adds amusement in the short historical fiction story, â€Å"The Ransom of Red Chief†. O.Henry adds humor to his story through the use of literary devices. O.Henry uses allusion, word play, and irony to create levity in his story. All of these create levity but one that especially creates levity is allusion. First, Allusion is good for creating humor because by using prior knowledgeRead MoreThe Ransom Of Red Chief Analysis1730 Words   |  7 Pagesliterature is The Ransom of Red Chief written by O. Henry. I enjoyed the plot twist in this story, as well as the symbolism and irony throughout. When the antagonists, Sam and Bill devise a plan to kidnap Johnny, the son of wealthy businessman Ebenezer Dorset, they anticipated a good sum of easy money. As the story unfolds, Johnny proves to be very troublesome and causes much stress to the extent when the kidnappers cannot tolerate Johnny any longer. They sent a ransom letter to Ebenezer to â€Å"demand fifteenRead MoreHome Alone, And Ransom Of Red Chief And Home Alone1696 Words   |  7 PagesNo matter what story there is always a theme and sometimes it can be very moving. The theme for Ransom of Red Chief and Home Alone is that appearances can be deceiving. It states on page 62, â€Å"Hey little boy! says Bill, would you like to have a ba g of candy and a nice ride? The boy hits Bill square in the eye with a piece of brick†(O’ Henry 62). This means that Bill thought Red Chief was stupid, small and he didn’t expect the little boy to hurt him. From a scene in Home Alone Harry and Marv knockedRead MoreComparing Two Newspaper Articles2069 Words   |  9 Pages Comparing two newspaper articles, one from a tabloid and one from a broadsheet will convey the different techniques that tabloids and broadsheets use to present stories. Media in general, aim to inform and interest the audience which consist of many different types. Diverse emotions and ideas are created by the media; foremost tabloids. Tabloids are papers like ‘The Sun’, ‘The Mirror’, ‘The Daily Mail’, ‘The Express’ and ‘The Star’. In contrast to these are broadsheets like ‘The Times’, ‘The Guardian’Read More Achilles in The Illiad is not a Hero Essay100 9 Words   |  5 Pagesleads through personal example and accomplishments requiring bravery, skill, determination, and other admirable qualities.† Achilles, in no manner, fits this definition. By contemporary standards, he is instead a pathetic villain. Aside from being a kidnapper, rapist and murderer, Achilles proves to be emotionally weak, selfish, and malicious. Many times throughout the Illiad, Achilles is also referred to as â€Å"godlike†. The gods of Greek mythology were subject to the same emotions and character flaws asRead MoreVictory Lap1369 Words   |  6 Pagesseen in â€Å"Victory Lap† by George Saunders, a short story written in such a way that the events that are enrolling throughout the story are being processed and told through the minds of three main characters. Having the perspective of each character allows us, the readers to get a much greater understanding about them and to make a better character analysis. Having said that, this story i s simply about a girl, Alison getting kidnapped by an unnamed kidnapper. What were really captivating were the changesRead MoreHumor of a Common Fear817 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Life doesnt make any sense, and we all pretend it does. Comedys job is to point out that it doesnt make sense, and that it doesnt make much difference anyway.† ~Eric Idle. In â€Å"The Ransom of Red Chief† by O. Henry this concept comes to life. The story is about two men kidnapping a young child and karma coming back to bite them in the butt. The two men are Sam and Bill, each is being abused by the child known as Johnny but goes by Red Chief. Sam and Bill ask for a ransom of $2,000, but they end upRead MoreFinding Nemo Film Analysis1117 Words   |  5 PagesAfter a confusing instructional speech on how to exit properly Squirt pushes them into the exit flume and back into the open water. After Kim gets snatched by the kidnapers Bryan hears heavy breathing on the phone. Bryan threatens the kidnapper and the kidnapper responds with a thick accent, Good Luck,. Bryan arrives to the apartment were everything occur and found Kims phone. He visualizes the abduction from the clues left behind at the scene and finds and recovers the memory card from Kims

President Obama Signs Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Restoration Act

Women have been treated unfairly and unequally in history furthermore, there were many occasions when people joined together to make legislative changes. In 1848, a convention held in New York brought a call to action, making 12 resolutions that people wanted to see happen to provide women with the same amount of respect men had and the same rights. Later on in the nineteenth century Colorado is the first state to give women the right to vote, which led to other states following in Colorado’s foot steps. All these changes are continuing on into the present from 2009, President Obama signs Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Restoration Act, which allows women who have been paid unfairly to file a claim to bring attention and get their fair amount to in 2013 when a Defense Secretary named Leon Panetta stated women in the military would now be slowly getting roles they were never allowed to be in before. All of these acts and laws are gradual however throughout time they increase to make a difference in someone s future. From the nineteenth century to the present women s rights has been a long journey, with the help of investigative journalism inequality between genders was exposed to help with fairness and help shape legislative change. Starting in the nineteenth century women’s rights was a very hushed subject, it wasn’t really talked about because everyone thought of women as being the homemakers, taking care of the family and making meals while the men went out and worked. DuringShow MoreRelatedPresident Obama Signs Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Restoration Act1368 Words   |  6 Pagesfoot steps. All these changes are continuing on into the present from 2009, President Obama signs Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Restoration Act, which allows women who have been paid unfairly to file a claim to bring attention and get their fair amount to in 2013 when a Defense Secretary named Leon Panetta stated women in the military would now be slowly getting roles they were n ever allowed to be in before. All of these acts and laws are gradual, however throughout time they increase to make a differenceRead MoreThe Struggle For Equal Pay1657 Words   |  7 Pagesstruggle for equal pay between men and women began in the early 1900’s. When men left to fight in World War I, women took over the jobs the men had previously occupied. As females, they were expected to take less money for the same work. This resulted in equal pay strikes, starting with the female bus and tram conductors in 1918. In 1918, Mary R. Macarthur wrote a news article called â€Å"Bus Girls Strike† and how they reached a settlement with the Committee on Production for a pay raise to 5 shillings

Managing Recruitment - Selection and Induction Programs

Question: Describe the organisation and its core business then explain how and why you would analyse strategic and operational plans and policies before developing recruitment, selection and induction policies and procedures. Answer: Introduction Human Resource Planning is identified to the future HR needs and can be implemented in the banking sector. It provides a rational basis to develop as well as fund the HR programs, which are required to support the objectives of the banking sectors. The future HR planning involves two of the activities such as to develop as well as analyze the data that are identified as the HR needs (Amini et al., 2016). Such data includes future gaps, the surplus in the workforce, the rate of turnover and the survey of the employees. The second activity is to develop the response to the identified needs. The report reflects on the HR function of a banking sector who works with the management in order to determine the future HR needs of the organization. It also summarizes the process by which the managers, as well as supervisors, involve in the process of recruitment, selection as well as induction. After identifying the involvement of the managers, it is required to identify the issues with the process of induction. This report reflects on the circumstances, which are required to make refinements. Finally, a reflection is given to forecasting the recruitment requirements and to fill the vacancies within the organization. Complying with the policy and procedural requirements Banking policy and procedures are developed to assist retail banking facilities in preparing standard operating procedures for the Australian Bank. The banking sector is committed to promoting equal opportunities during the process of recruitment as well as selection (Armstrong Taylor 2014). The managers and supervisors are involved in the process should refer the recruitment guidance notes for further guidance to promote equal opportunities. Selection should be made from the job description as well as personal specifications of the applicant (Dee Wyckoff, 2015). A positive approach towards the policy and procedure allows the managers to choose the best applicant for the job based on their merit. Developing and using current position descriptors and person specifications It ensures current position descriptors as well as person specifications for managers and supervisors in the recruitment, selection and induction processes use vacancies (Tyson, 2014). Using the person specifications, it enables to make certain that the best candidate to be selected for the organization. They ensure that a level of awareness is required for the person specification as it is counted towards job evaluation. The person specification uses to inform the potential applicants about the level of complexity of the job role that helps to decide if apply for the job or not. Based on the person specification, it establishes the required criteria for the candidates who are judging objectively (Russell Brannan, 2016). In order to meet with the recruitment requirements, education, as well as processing, is used to satisfy the employees. Need for training to help the employees perform their job roles The managers provide training programs to their new employees through workshops as well as seminars. These training programs include checking handling skills, account balancing tasks, the procedure for the transaction, currency recognition as well as the procedure for daily settlement (Amini et al., 2016). They are also emphasizing strategies regarding customer service as well as emergency attentiveness techniques. When the new employees are recruited in the banking sector, then staff training, as well as development activities, are required for the business. Therefore, they are required to give training in order to fulfill the organizational roles. They are given training, not for the business, but to develop the own skills as well as knowledge of the employees. The training method keeps them challenged as well as engaged in their job role. Advertising vacant position in compliance with organizational policy and legal requirements The managers should ensure that the advertising of the recruitment of the applicant is published as per the banking policy and procedures (July Trust, 2016). Authorization requires being obtained from the Finance as well as HR divisions before the role are proficient for advertising. When the approval of advertisement is granted, then the job advertisement is placed in online recruitment system to ensure the compliance with recruitment policy and procedure (Zerbini Borghini, 2015). Therefore , the vacant position is filled based on organizational policies as well as requirements. Following selection procedure that accords with organizational policy and legal requirements The manager may or may not be focus to the organizational procedures depending on the services they propose. The placement officer uses the selection process for recruiting the applicants (Russell Brannan, 2016). If the placement officer selects the applicant for the referral to an employer but discards others, then it is covered. The strategies are intended to cover all the users of worker selection policy and procedure, such as employment agencies who are focus to Federal equal employment opportunity law. Executing job offers and contracts of employment promptly The manager ensures job offers as well as contracts of employment are executed punctually, such that the employees can start their work as well as aware of their responsibilities as well as benefits to meet the organizational goals (Smith Tsutsumi, 2014). At the time of interview process, the job offers of the employees should be written in the job description. The written contract consists of the following such as: The starting salary as well as minimum number of the weekly hours The job title of the employee as well as name of the new employees immediate supervisor Type of health care, as well as insurance, benefits given to the employee Types of expenses which are given to the employee Providing new appointments with accurate advice about salary, terms, and conditions The manager provides new appointments to the new applicants who give the proper information about the salary, and organizational terms and conditions are documented (Mahmood, 2014). A job description is given to them so that the employees can get information on the total amount they get, the date of receiving the salary; get complete details of benefits plans. Salaries are discussed with the employees to familiar them with the organizational benefits (Zerbini Borghini, 2015). The starting salary of the employee should be mentioned in the appointment letter. The salary is dependent on the appointment time. If the appointment is part-time, then the salary is prorated accordingly. Following appropriate induction procedures The induction procedures are designed in order to assist the manager and supervisors with the induction of the new employees. It helps them to adjust to the new working environment so that they are efficient in their work in shortest possible time (Dessler, 2013). The content of the induction program depends on the nature of the role of the new employees. The banking sectors provide the induction program focus on power point presentation as well as lectures on the organizational cultures and opportunities. Managing probationary employees and providing them feedback until their employment is confirmed or terminated The period of probation is the extension of the process of recruitment and this period gives the time to ensure that the selection made for the vacancy is the right choice. It helps the managers to choose the right applicant for the job position (Jeske Shultz, 2015). The probation lasts from one to six months. The training department can ask the employee to walk away from the agreement at any point during the probationary period. The manager sets standards for the employees so that they can pass their probation. It provides the employees with the clear job description. It provides the business practices as well as procedures (Timming, 2014). The manager should schedule training for the employees that help them to meet their job requirements. Identification of issues with the induction process At the time of designing an induction program, the employee is required to know about the organizational goals within 24 hours, first week, first month as well as the first year (Zerbini Borghini, 2015). During the induction process, the new employees can identify the issues regarding their job, work environment, work team as well as manager ((July Trust, 2016). The employees face issues when they do not understand what is expected of them. This induction process of the banking sector includes safety training to the employees so that they can focus on the safety issues of the organization. The banking sector provides safety induction training as well as clear safety rules within the workplace (Abramo, DAngelo Rosati, 2015). Under this legislation, an employer cannot dismiss the worker when reporting an Occupational Safety and Health issues. Identification of circumstances necessary to make refinements In the banking sector, the firm records financial data nearly each activity as well as transaction, it continues to amass large amounts of data. Sometimes the data are irrelevant, as therefore there is a requirement of data refinements (Russell Brannan, 2016). They need proper data refinements mechanism through which the relevant data are filtered out. Through this mechanism, the banking sector will maintain the accurate data, but they should extract the accurate information from it (Armstrong Taylor 2014). Refinements are done from outside of the organization such as consultant and director of another organization. They evaluate the function of management of the organization as well as suggest refinements and changes for the organization (Zerbini Borghini, 2015). When the consultant identifies the issue in the business process, then the employees work hard as well as improve their ideas as well as solutions by making refinements in their work. Another circumstance when the financial data has the lack of data quality such as the data has the lack of conformity, duplication, completeness, duplication as well as integrity; then refinements are required to done (Abou-Moghli, 2015). Financial data are required to ensure their accuracy as well as consistency. Therefore, proper policies and procedures are required to maintain the data in the banking sector. However, refinements to the banking sector strategy provide training as well as experience with the employees. It helps to achieve the better focus on the critical elements of the banking strategy as well as stronger buy-in among the banking sectors. Forecasting recruitment requirements and filling vacancies In order to forecast the recruitment requirements as well as filling vacancies in the banking sector, trend analysis is used to review the past employment needs in order to predict the future needs of the organization (July Trust, 2016). This is done through analysis the number of employees at the end of the years. Secondly, the employees needs are analyzed based on financial, human resources as well as administrative functions (Mondy Mondy, 2012). Delhi Technique is used to forecast the future workforce needs of the employees. Employee referral programs are one of the ways to fill up the vacancies within the organization. The banking sector should participate in the strategic planning of the organization. Strategic planning of the organization includes the budget analysis as well as forecasting of the new employees (Russell Brannan, 2016). The human resource planning creates a plan as well as sets a timetable for the reduction of the current positions as well as career transition resources for the terminated employees (Timming, 2014). Job analysis technique is done based on the factors such as the resources required to analyze the job, the scope of the job as well as the size of the banking organization. Conclusion It is concluded that the manager of the banking sector should determine the future human resource needs. The manager, as well as supervisor, ensures the employees about the organizational policies and procedures so that they can recruit the right people at the right time. The manager develops current position descriptors and person specification such that if the employees require any further training regarding their job profile, then they are given. The employees should be concerned about all the organizational policies as well as legal requirements. Appropriate induction procedure is followed so that at the very first day, the employees should be familiar with their job profile as well as responsibilities. References Abou-Moghli, A. (2015). Recruitment and Selection and Their Effect in Achieving the Institutional Excellence.IBR,8(3). Abramo, G., DAngelo, C., Rosati, F. (2015). Selection committees for academic recruitment: does gender matter?.Research Evaluation,24(4), 392-404. Amini, M. T., Keshavarz, E., Keshavarz, A., Bagheri, S. M. (2016). Prioritisation and performance evaluation of employees at strategic human resource management process using fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS methods.International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management,17(1), 61-81. Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Dee, T. S., Wyckoff, J. (2015). Incentives, selection, and teacher performance: Evidence from IMPACT.Journal of Policy Analysis and Management,34(2), 267-297. Dessler, G. (2013).Human resource management. Boston, Mass.: Pearson Education. Fox, K., Smith, P. (2014). GETTING SELECTION PROCESSES RIGHT.Initial Teacher Education in Schools: A Guide for Practitioners, 5. Jeske, D., Shultz, K. (2015). Using social media content for screening in recruitment and selection: pros and cons.Work, Employment Society. July, I., Trust, H. Q. (2016). Recruitment and Selection Policy.Policy. Mahmood, M. (2014). Strategy, structure, and HRM policy orientation: Employee recruitment and selection practices in multinational subsidiaries.Asia Pacific Journal Of Human Resources,53(3), 331-350. Mondy, R., Mondy, J. (2012).Human resource management. Boston: Prentice Hall. Russell, S., Brannan, M. J. (2016). Getting the right people on the bus recruitment, selection and integration for the branded organization.European Management Journal. Smith, D., Tsutsumi, H. (2014). Candidate selection methods and policy cohesion in parties: The impact of open recruitment in Japan.Party Politics. Timming, A. (2014). Visible tattoos in the service sector: a new challenge to recruitment and selection.Work, Employment Society,29(1), 60-78. Tyson, S. (2014).Essentials of human resource management. Routledge. Zerbini, F., Borghini, S. (2015). Release capacity in the vendor selection process.Journal Of Business Research,68(2), 405-414.

Exxon Mobil Merger Trend Analysis Essay Example For Students

Exxon Mobil Merger Trend Analysis Essay Exxon Mobil Merger Trend AnalysisWith the Exxon-Mobil deal official, other big oil companies are now in a mating game. The companies are mulling their own mergers to keep pace with this newmega-rival, and to survive the near-collapse of world oil prices that spawned the marriages of Exxon and Mobiland British Petroleum and Amoco Corp. in the first place. Exxon and Mobils $75.3-billion merger gave the combined company a dominant presence in U.S. and world oil markets that is sure to draw antitrust scrutiny. Exxon Mobil is Americas largest oil company and antitrust issues are being raised because of its refining capacity and share of the U.S. gasoline market. This does not mean a merger wave will automatically roll through the industry; mergers routinely collapse over issues of price, management egos and other factors. But every oil company is at least going over its options now that Exxon and Mobil, the two biggest players in the U.S. oil industry, are joining to create an awesome competitor. To be sure, other possible pairings in the oil patch are just speculation for now, and the companies themselves arent commenting. But attention is shifting to the likes of Texaco, headquartered in White Plains, N.Y., and San Francisco-based Chevron Corp.the nations third- and fourth-largest oil companies, respectivelyas potential buyers. They are likely to consider buying smaller rivals because most of their peers are now spoken for, namely Exxon, Mobil and Amoco. Yet it is also possible that some of those smaller rivals might pair up to bolster their positions. Either way, the consolidation is having a major impact on the three oil companies headquartered in Southern California: Atlantic Richfield Co. (Arco) and Occidental Petroleum Corp., both based in Los Angeles, and El Segundo-based Unocal Corp. Arco, a leading force in Southern California gasoline sales but a relatively small player worldwide, has been rumored to be a takeover target for months. The merger turmoil means it is nail-biting time for tens of thousands of oil company employees in California and worldwide. A key purpose of these mergers is to slash overlapping operating costs so that the companies can keep growing profits, even with oil at historic low prices. That means huge layoffs. Big Oil is just now going through a massive consolidation thats already taken place in many other industries, including aerospace, banking, pharmaceuticals, retailing and financial services. The trigger, of course, is the plunge in oil and gasoline prices to levels not seen in decades. That drop has dug deeply into the companies profitability, making it harder for them to compete for new exploration and production projects around the globe. But antitrust scrutiny of oil mergersin light of oils incalculable importance to the world economywill be considerable, one reason why it is hard to speculate on which oil companies might eventually join forces. Another problem is whether the two companies can efficiently mesh upstream operations, which involve exploring for and producing oil, with downstream operations, or the refining and selling of oil products. Regardless, companies are likely to seek viable partners first and worry about the details later, because the Exxon-Mobil deal could so accelerate Big Oils merger trend that potential partners might not be available for long. BibliographyPeltz, James F.; Exxon-Mobil Deal Has Other Firms Assessing Options; Business Week, October 1999Business Reports